Excel functions
1. Mathematical & Trigonometric Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
SUM |
Adds all the numbers in a range |
SUMIF |
Adds values that meet a condition |
SUMIFS |
Adds values with multiple conditions |
PRODUCT |
Multiplies all numbers in a range |
ROUND |
Rounds a number to specified digits |
ROUNDUP / ROUNDDOWN |
Rounds a number up/down |
MOD |
Returns the remainder of division |
ABS |
Returns the absolute value |
INT |
Rounds a number down to nearest integer |
POWER |
Returns result of number raised to a power |
SQRT |
Returns square root |
EXP |
Returns e raised to a power |
PI() |
Returns value of pi |
RAND() |
Returns random number between 0 and 1 |
RANDBETWEEN |
Random number between two values |
2. Statistical Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
AVERAGE |
Returns average of numbers |
MEDIAN |
Returns median of numbers |
MODE |
Returns most frequent value |
MAX / MIN |
Returns max or min value |
COUNT |
Counts numbers in a range |
COUNTA |
Counts non-empty cells |
COUNTIF |
Counts cells meeting a condition |
COUNTIFS |
Counts cells with multiple conditions |
STDEV.P / STDEV.S |
Standard deviation (population/sample) |
VAR.P / VAR.S |
Variance (Population/Sample) |
3. Logical Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
IF |
Performs logical test |
IFERROR |
Returns value if error |
AND |
Returns TRUE if all conditions are TRUE |
OR |
Returns TRUE if any condition is TRUE |
NOT |
Reverses the logic |
4. Text Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
CONCAT / TEXTJOIN |
Joins text strings |
LEFT, RIGHT, MID |
Extracts text from string |
LEN |
Counts number of characters |
FIND / SEARCH |
Finds position of text |
REPLACE, SUBSTITUTE |
Replaces part of text |
UPPER, LOWER, PROPER |
Changes case |
TRIM |
Removes extra spaces |
5. Date & Time Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
TODAY() |
Returns current date |
NOW() |
Returns current date & time |
DATE, TIME |
Returns date/time from components |
YEAR, MONTH, DAY |
Extracts date parts |
HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND |
Extracts time parts |
DATEDIF |
Calculates difference between dates |
NETWORKDAYS |
Workdays between two dates |
EDATE |
Date after a number of months |
6. Lookup & Reference Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
VLOOKUP |
Vertical lookup in table |
HLOOKUP |
Horizontal lookup |
XLOOKUP |
Advanced lookup (Excel 365) |
INDEX |
Returns value from table by position |
MATCH |
Returns position of item |
OFFSET |
Returns a cell at a given offset |
CHOOSE |
Chooses value from list of values |
7. Financial Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
PMT |
Calculates loan payment |
FV |
Future value of investment |
PV |
Present value of investment |
NPER |
Number of periods for investment |
RATE |
Interest rate per period |
NPV |
Net present value |
IRR |
Internal rate of return |
8. Information Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
ISNUMBER, ISTEXT, ISBLANK |
Checks value type |
ERROR.TYPE |
Returns error type |
TYPE |
Returns type of value |
CELL, INFO |
Returns info about cell or environment |
9. Array & Dynamic Functions (Excel 365/2021)
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
UNIQUE |
Returns unique values |
FILTER |
Filters range by condition |
SORT, SORTBY |
Sorts values |
SEQUENCE |
Generates number sequences |
RANDARRAY |
Random array of numbers |
TEXTSPLIT |
Splits text into cells |
LET |
Assigns names to calculations |
LAMBDA |
Creates custom function |

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